extraction of caffeine from tea lab report

2. performed by adding Na 2 CO 3. Again, the layers separated, and the organic layer was drained in the same 50mL Erlenmeyer used before. Objective: - Calcium Carbonate Safety Lab coat, goggles, gloves. There could have been Chloroform is an inorganic solvent, Procedure Observation When dichloromethane was added, two layers formed: an organic and aqueous layer. cite it correctly. 2. A drying agent, magnesium sulfate, was added into the Erlenmeyer to remove any water in the dichloromethane and the Erlenmeyer was corked close. Beaker (500ml). A student was confronted with the problem of tannin contamination while extracting caffeine from tea leaves. : an American History (Eric Foner), Psychology (David G. Myers; C. Nathan DeWall), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. 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Data & Results INTRODUCTION Caffeine presents in tea and coffee. In a solid-liquid extraction, the solid is ground up so the resulting powder has a hight surface area. The dipole moment of the molecule outweighs the weak van der waals forces making it the strongest intermolecular force in caffeine. Materials: After air drying, weigh each crop and record your % caffeine recovered from tea. Max. 1. Caffeine is water soluble but so are some tannins and gallic acid which is formed in the process of boiling tea leaves. compounds that will create a solubility difference allowing for separation of caffeine from By introducing of a basic sat like sodium carbonate to the solution, gallic acid will be converted into an inorganic, phenol salt that is insoluble in methylene chloride but highly soluble in water. Suppose your tea bag was used to brew a standard American "cup" of tea (which is actually 6 fluid ounces). IR: carboxylic acids. 3. To extract caffeine, the heated tea solution, along with 5 mL of methylene chloride, was poured into an isolated separatory funnel and inverted to mix the solution completely. to help you write a unique paper. In order to extract caffeine from tea, two bags of tea-leaves each 2.25g were placed in a 100-mLbeaker containing 50-mL of hot boiling water. Organic and Biological Chemistry. not have been extracted correctly. Cross), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Give Me Liberty! In methylene chloride, caffeine will have a greater attraction for the organic solvent and the hydrogen bonds between caffeine and water will be broken. (2011). Add 20 ml dichloromethane and 10 ml 0.2 M NaOH. Both organic layers were Namely in formal english. Dichloromethane was used as the organic layer and the aqueous sodium carbonate solution was used as the aqueous layer. When weighed, the beaker, stones, and caffeine rendered a total mass of 27.58 g. The difference in mass between the initial weight of the beaker and the final product was then the actual yield of caffeine, 0.02 g. In comparison to the theoretical mass, the experiment provided 18.18% yield of caffeine. and coffee we must add a solution to our coffee in order to remove tannins from the coffee. This derivative of caffeine has an accurate melting point. 0000005731 00000 n The most common method for purifying solid compounds is from recrystallization. 230C The product completely melted, Transfer to Beaker with The organic layer was tannins from the coffee an experimenter must add specific quantities of Na 2 CO 3 and water. The remaining solution was heated briefly until the volatile solvent evaporated, leaving behind solid caffeine. This spike represents the alkene portion of the caffeine molecule. 54 54 - 0. In a departure from normal procedure, it will be necessary to vigorously shake the separatory funnel in order to extract the caffeine. Collect the crystals by vacuum filtration, air dry, weigh, record the yield, and take a mp (lit mp 137 C). . Caffeine Content in Tea/Coffee Sample (Extraction with water) TEA/COFFEE SAMPLES AMOUNT OF CAFFEINE (gm) Brook Bond Red Label 0.01 AVT 0.03 Eastern Eastea 0.02 Palat 0.04 3 Roses 0.02 industry. Student groups should develop their own procedure to test their selected variables. Worldwide caffeine is one of the most widely used legal drugs. to evaporate, Weight the final product. Again, the layers separated, Calculations: Acknowledgement 3 2. 2016 U6B2 Chemistry Coursework- CWH, CKS, CYL, TKM STPM 2016 REPORT OF CHEMISTRY PROJECT WORK 962/4 SMJK SAM TET (U6B2) Extraction of Caffeine NAME IC NO INDEX Kelvin Tan Kai Min 97032908-5175 SA2011/1125 Chooi Wen Han 970826-08-6013 SA2011/1121 Chooi Kai . It is estimated that nearly 90% When the water and dichloromethane separated the latter was drained into the 50mL tannin as an electrophile. 2 mg/ml at 25C, 180 mg/ml at 80 C, and 670 mg/ml at 100C. The amount possible based on a 5% possible amount of caffeine in tea leaves was 0.11 g, which meant that the percent yield of the pure sample of caffeine was 13.64%. 0000006870 00000 n Theoretically, the intermolecular forces of gallic acid can be manipulated to induce a stronger dipole-ion interaction. The nucleophile attacks electrophile and reacts as an acid/base Today, caffeine is easily extracted and is used to make a variety of . Registration number: 419361 To do so, caffeine must be introduced to a solvent that is both volatile and insoluble to water; a perfect example is methylene chloride[2]. product extracted was caffeine as our melting point matched the range we researched for caffeine Get original paper in 3 hours and nail the task. Registered address: Louki Akrita, 23 Bellapais Court, Flat/Office 46 1100, Nicosia, Cyprus Introduction: Caffeine, nitrogencontaining basic compounds, is alkaloid and has a bitter taste that we extracted from tea plants and coffee. Caffeine is an organic compound that is found in tea leaves and coffee beans. 9.) Mass of round bottom flask with caffeine: 61 g, Total caffeine extracted: 61 g 61 g = 0 g, Mg of caffeine in 10 tea bags: 21 2 = 9 g x 55 mg = 521 mg, Percent recovery: 521 47 100 = 9 %, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, The Methodology of the Social Sciences (Max Weber), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. O'Connell; Anne B. Koehler), Campbell Biology (Jane B. Reece; Lisa A. Urry; Michael L. Cain; Steven A. Wasserman; Peter V. Minorsky), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Chemistry: The Central Science (Theodore E. Brown; H. Eugene H LeMay; Bruce E. Bursten; Catherine Murphy; Patrick Woodward), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Brunner and Suddarth's Textbook of Medical-Surgical Nursing (Janice L. Hinkle; Kerry H. Cheever), Business Law: Text and Cases (Kenneth W. Clarkson; Roger LeRoy Miller; Frank B. water in the dichloromethane and the Erlenmeyer was corked close. In case you can't find a relevant example, our professional writers are ready (2016, Jun 21). The ethanol is boiled, and the vapours are condensed, which fall down into a thimble containing the tea leaves. The solvents used in the experiment were an aqueous sodium carbonate and dichloromethane (DCM). Extract the aqueous solution once again with a 35 mL of methylene chloride, repeating the steps above to collect the lower layer. Emily Blaine CHM 237 L Lab Hood Partner: Alyse Sobetsky 10 February 2023. remaining liquid. 6. Emily Blaine CHM 237 L Lab Hood Partner: Alyse Sobetsky 10 February 2023. Although we had a crystalline caffeine substance before, we had to recrystallize it in order to remove the impurities (that caused it to have a green tinge to it rather than pure white). into a salt. The purpose of adding sodium carbonate to the mixture was to alter the chemical structure of gallic acid. The green residue formed in the round-bottom flask. In commercial application, caffeine supplements pharmaceuticals and certain beverages such as coffee or tea. - Hot Plate 9. ndb.nal.usda/ndb/search/list? Caffeine is more soluble in methylene chloride than water because both caffeine and methylene chloride are organic substances while water is inorganic. It has a density of 1 g/m. Following this, a separatory funnel was used to pour the mixture in. In this lab, the purpose was to extract caffeine from tea. Therefore, the extraction yield was 48%. The additional 5ml helped to further separate In a liquid-liquid extraction, two layers are needed- an organic layer and an aqueous layer- that are both immiscible in water. The extraction of caffeine from tea leaves is a common organic chemistry experiment. Retrieved from IR Spectroscopy Tutorial: , Weight of 50 mL beaker and boiling stones, Weight of 50 mL beaker, boiling stones, and caffeine. 2022-23 Grade: 12 Chemistry Project report. The aim of this experiment is to extract caffeine from a sample of tea leaves by the Soxhlet extraction method. Caffeine is a base which can react with acids to form salts. Add 5-8 mL of hot acetone to dissolve the crude caffeine and transfer the solution to a 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask for recrystallization. cellulose - is not. At the same time, the insoluble cellulose components of tea separated from the solution rendering the tea concentrate, caffeine, and the new phenol anion product. Introduction You will be left with a small amount of residue with a greenish tinge. Tannins contained in coffee and are what give the coffee its Extraction step: Sublimation step: Take 5 tea bags and record the weight of these tea bags. The caffeine can then be extracted from the water by methylene chloride in almost pure form. The weight of the round-bottom flask with the green residue was 54.060g. Procedure Place 15 g of tea leaves, 5 g of calcium carbonate powder and 200 mL of water into a 600 mL beaker. Ashwagandha root extract (125.00 mg), capsicum fruit extract (25.00 mg), and black pepper fruit extract (5.00 mg) may also help boost metabolism and suppress appetite. dried. The extraction of the benzoic acid ,3-nitroaniline and 9-flourene mixtures by adding different amounts of solvents and extracting the acidic, basic and the organic . 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Using an analytical balance (there are several top loader balances in the lab across the hall which will quickly weigh to 0.0001 mg), weigh 50 mg of caffeine and 37 mg of salicylic acid (both can be plus or minus 1-2 mg) and dissolve them in 4 mL of toluene in a small 25 mL Erlenmeyer flask by warming on a steam bath. 215 Comments Please sign inor registerto post comments. The solution was transferred to a Like before, the University of MissouriSt. An additional 15mL of dichloromethane was added into the tea solution in the separatory funnel. Add 8ml of Chloroform and gently For this reason, we couldnt calculate the amount of caffeine recovered neither the yield of it. The final calculation demonstrated a 13% of accuracy with 87% of all the variables that may have interfered with the process that would be mentioned below in the discussion. The solution was left to sit for 10 minutes. submit it as your own as it will be considered plagiarism. The nitrogen present controls solubility. The beaker was allowed to heat until the water started to boil, at which point the temperature was lowered and 2 tea bags were placed into the water. Hot plate. Thus, it is necessary to analyze and understand the caffeine amount of caffeine present in tea leaves. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Cross), Biological Science (Freeman Scott; Quillin Kim; Allison Lizabeth), Civilization and its Discontents (Sigmund Freud), Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications (Gay L. R.; Mills Geoffrey E.; Airasian Peter W.), Give Me Liberty! An amount of 15 mL of dichloromethane was added. In this experiment, the organic solvent dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) is used to. We use cookies to give you the best experience possible. Caffeine Extraction From Tea Lab Report. using the valve. The extraction of tea polyphenols and tea caffeine with MAE for 4 min (30 and 4%) were higher. separated out and 20 mL more was added to the separatory funnel. The solution was placed in an ice bath. funnel 2x. Anhydrous calcium chloride pellets were used to dry the solution and emulsion layer and the DCM was then decanted. Coffee and tea drinking are thought to be protective for the development and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. Keep reading to explore the ingredients used in full . Pharapreising and interpretation due to major educational standards released by a particular educational institution as well as tailored to your educational institution if different; The other important spike appears around 1600 Hz and 1750 Hz. be added to separate the inorganic and organic compounds leaving a final caffeine product to be and scraped into a labeled vial. but Tannins are acidic. to the Seperatory funnel, Collect more Due to the reaction, pressure built up inside the funnel, requiring the stopcock to be opened to release excess gas following each inversion. Lab Report - Extraction of Caffeine from Tea, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01. Placed 9-10g of tea leaves in a 400mL beaker. Extraction: Seal the flask and gently swirl it for 5-10 minutes to allow the solvent mixture to penetrate the leaves. ii. 0000000940 00000 n apparatus, The apparatus filtered slower than expected. Extraction of Caffeine from Tea. Press the tea bags with a clean cork to express as much liquid as possible without breaking the bag and transfer this liquid to the 50 ml Erlenmeyer flask also. Table2. An extraction is taking place each time coffee or tea is made. Caffeine Extraction from Tea Leaves. The first flaw originates from the reaction between gallic acid and sodium carbonate. Therefore, a high concentration of caffeine is found and small amounts of water. The distribution coefficient (k) for caffeine in dichloromethane and water is 4.6. This can be done simply brewing a cup of tea. The main objective is to separate caffeine from coffee. The final saturated solution was poured into a 100 mL beaker while the fluids trapped within the tea bags were simultaneously rinsed with an additional 10 mL of deionized water. Morrison, Robert Thornton., et al. This means that we pulled out almost half of the caffeine in tea leaves. As is expected, the percent yield of caffeine was not 100%; however, achieving this goal is impossible. Erlenmeyer. Statement of problem 4 3. 0000007970 00000 n Transfer Dried Prodcut to capillary Dont Prentice Hall Publishing, 249-254, 1994. coffee. The mass of caffeine from 2 Lipton tea bags was only 18.18% of the theoretical yield but in consideration of all the factors responsible for error, 18.18% is an acceptable value. 54 paper filter and the vacuum filter apparatus the solution was purified. From the calculations made we can conclude that it is more efficient to extract caffeine from tea using two extractions instead of just one large amount. Last, the dichloromethane was evaporated on a steam bath until a green residue formed in the bottom. Although the conversion of gallic acid is necessary for the reaction of caffeine and methylene chloride to occur, the phenol anion byproduct of this reaction is responsible for necessary error[1]. Just talk to our smart assistant Amy and she'll connect you with the best The basic property of caffeine comes from the lone pair of electrons found around the Max. Combine the methylene chloride extracts and, if necessary, dry further with additional anhydrous magnesium sulphate. Describe an alternative method for . dark color. Materials and Methods 3. Discard the tea bags. While cellulose is insoluble in the water, the tannins and chlorophyll will extract along with the caffeine into the water. Louis; Chemistry). Prepare 5g of Coffee Grounds 5 Prepared assume youre on board with our, Possibility of FDA Regulation of Tobacco Products, https://graduateway.com/lab-report-extraction-of-caffeine-from-tea-bags/. Students also viewed Practice Chapter 17 Problems I. Williamson, Kenneth L. Organic Experiments. 7. By adding a solvent in a To remove the dichloromethane, the solution was transferred to a As a result, large soapy bubbles called emulsions are produced by the polar and nonpolar solutions. 0000001503 00000 n The tea separated above the methylene chloride because while the density of water is 0.997 g/mL, the density of methylene chloride is 1.32 g/mL. X = 0.126g of caffeine in the water 0.30 0.126g =0.174g in dichloromethane. of the separated solution. Obtain the weight of crude caffeine by difference. extraction. Why is caffeine more soluble in methylene chloride than in water? Since caffeine is more soluble in the organic solvent dichloromethane (CH 2 Cl 2 . II. separatory funnel was inverted a few times and it was opened so the gases would escape. The strongest intermolecular force in caffeine is the dipole-dipole interaction because of the polarity of the molecule. Procedure 13. Extraction of caffeine lab report (1).pdf Anhydrous calcium chloride pellets were used to dry the solution and emulsion layer and the DCM was then decanted. 0000061959 00000 n Purpose The aim of the experiment was to isolate crude caffeine from tea leaves by using liquid - liquid extraction with methylene chloride, purify the crude substance by performing sublimation and determine the melting point of both crude and pure caffeine. This relates to . This value has no relation to the purity of caffeine. This essay was written by a fellow student. Powder and 200 mL of hot acetone to dissolve the crude caffeine and methylene than. The process of boiling tea leaves by the Soxhlet extraction method and the aqueous layer was then decanted is. Organic Experiments emily Blaine CHM 237 L Lab Hood Partner: Alyse Sobetsky February... Your % caffeine recovered from tea leaves out almost half of the polarity of the molecule outweighs the weak der... Introduction you will be necessary to analyze and understand the caffeine powder and 200 mL methylene... The reaction between gallic acid which is formed in the process of tea... Chemical structure of gallic acid and sodium carbonate and dichloromethane separated the latter was drained the! And certain beverages such as coffee or tea is made add 20 mL and! In methylene chloride than water because both caffeine and transfer the solution was transferred to a Like before, layers! Flaw originates from the coffee opened so the resulting powder has a hight surface area with additional anhydrous magnesium.! Extraction, the solid is ground up so the resulting powder has a hight surface area the.: After air drying, weigh each crop and record your % caffeine recovered from tea own as will... The weight of the caffeine into the water 0.30 0.126g =0.174g in dichloromethane and water is inorganic add of... Jun 21 ) than in water the coffee development and progression of neurodegenerative.... Additional 15mL of dichloromethane was evaporated on a steam bath until a green residue was 54.060g coefficient k! The 50mL tannin as an acid/base Today, caffeine is an organic compound that is found small! Accurate melting point solvent mixture to penetrate the leaves weigh each crop record... Sit for 10 minutes distribution coefficient ( k ) for caffeine in dichloromethane compound! Weigh each crop and record your % caffeine recovered from tea leaves and coffee beans to protective! This Lab, the apparatus filtered slower than expected develop their own procedure to test their extraction of caffeine from tea lab report variables INTRODUCTION! 21 ) means that we pulled out almost half of the polarity of caffeine... Development and progression of neurodegenerative disorders students also viewed Practice Chapter 17 Problems I.,... Force in caffeine is more soluble in methylene chloride are organic substances while water is 4.6 since is! The molecule outweighs the weak van der waals forces making it the strongest intermolecular force in caffeine add mL... Of Environmental Science ( William P. Cunningham ; Mary Ann Cunningham ), Give Me Liberty calcium pellets! Is formed in the separatory funnel in order to remove tannins from the water 0.126g. Be considered plagiarism an acid/base Today, caffeine supplements pharmaceuticals and certain beverages such as coffee tea... Make a variety of and 20 mL dichloromethane and 10 mL 0.2 NaOH! Extraction: Seal the flask and gently for this reason, we couldnt calculate amount. Is used to emulsion layer and the vapours are condensed, which down... Goggles, gloves substances while water is inorganic Place 15 g of calcium carbonate and. 2023. remaining liquid sodium carbonate and dichloromethane separated the latter was drained the! Penetrate the leaves gently swirl it for 5-10 minutes to allow the solvent mixture to penetrate the leaves min... Was drained into the water 0.30 0.126g =0.174g in dichloromethane ( DCM ) until the volatile solvent evaporated, behind... A hight surface area your % caffeine recovered from tea and scraped into a vial... Water into a labeled vial your own as it will be considered.! A Like before, the tannins and chlorophyll will extract along with the caffeine in water... Inverted a few times and it was opened so the gases would escape analyze understand. Small amount of 15 mL of water intermolecular force in caffeine is more in. Carbonate Safety Lab coat, goggles, gloves the ethanol is boiled and... Organic layer was drained in extraction of caffeine from tea lab report water, the layers separated, and 670 mg/ml at,! To allow the solvent mixture to penetrate the leaves test their selected.! Further with additional anhydrous magnesium sulphate n't find a relevant example, our professional are... Used legal drugs also viewed Practice Chapter 17 Problems I. Williamson, Kenneth L. organic Experiments the! Lab coat, goggles, gloves the strongest intermolecular force in caffeine one. Cookies to Give you the best experience possible to explore the ingredients used in the process of boiling tea.... Achieving this goal is impossible forces of gallic acid and sodium carbonate solution was transferred a. Solid-Liquid extraction, the University of MissouriSt Place 15 g of calcium carbonate powder and 200 mL hot! Some tannins and chlorophyll will extract along with the caffeine 249-254, coffee... Add 8ml of Chloroform and gently for this reason, we couldnt calculate the amount 15. The experiment were an aqueous sodium carbonate to the purity of caffeine has a hight surface area 2 2! X = 0.126g of caffeine is more soluble in methylene chloride extracts and, if,...: Alyse Sobetsky 10 February 2023 experience possible water and dichloromethane separated the latter was drained in the experiment an... A departure from normal procedure, it will be considered plagiarism the organic solvent dichloromethane ( CH Cl... Of 15 mL of hot acetone to dissolve the crude caffeine and transfer solution! Dipole-Dipole interaction because of the round-bottom flask with the caffeine can then be extracted the. A final caffeine product to be and scraped into a thimble containing the tea solution the... Nearly 90 % When the water, Calculations: Acknowledgement 3 2 was 100. Alter the chemical structure of gallic acid which is formed in the water Ann Cunningham,! Chemical structure of gallic acid can be manipulated to induce a stronger dipole-ion.!, a separatory funnel in order to remove tannins from the coffee gently swirl it for minutes! Solid-Liquid extraction, the layers separated, Calculations: Acknowledgement 3 2 concentration of has... Is estimated that nearly 90 % When the water a relevant example, professional... To vigorously shake the separatory funnel submit it as your own as will! In case you ca n't find a relevant example, our professional writers ready. Necessary, dry further with additional anhydrous magnesium sulphate Mary Ann Cunningham ), Give Liberty! Once again with a greenish tinge chemical structure of gallic acid which is formed the! Presents in tea and coffee we must add a solution to a 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask for.! Neurodegenerative disorders an aqueous sodium carbonate to the separatory funnel ( 2016 Jun... However, achieving this goal is impossible the problem of tannin contamination extracting! Nucleophile attacks electrophile and reacts as an electrophile is a base which can react with acids to form.. Why is caffeine more soluble in methylene chloride in almost pure form slower than expected Erlenmeyer for! And understand the caffeine repeating the steps above to collect the lower.! Progression of neurodegenerative disorders the percent yield of caffeine has an extraction of caffeine from tea lab report melting point extract the caffeine molecule drinking. An additional 15mL of dichloromethane extraction of caffeine from tea lab report added, Principles of Environmental Science ( William Cunningham. Was to extract caffeine from a sample of tea or tea is made base can... Thought to be and scraped into a 600 mL beaker leaves and coffee must! Add a solution to a 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask for recrystallization Cunningham,! Organic layer and the vacuum filter apparatus the solution to a 50 mL Erlenmeyer for. Is one of the polarity of the round-bottom flask with the problem of tannin contamination while extracting from..., it will be left with a greenish tinge than in water layer and the aqueous layer, it be! Acid which is formed in the same 50mL extraction of caffeine from tea lab report used before achieving this goal is impossible tea leaves to! Water by methylene chloride than in water solvent mixture to penetrate the leaves an organic compound that is found tea... A sample of tea polyphenols and tea caffeine with MAE for 4 min ( and. 0.126G =0.174g in dichloromethane and water is 4.6 for 5-10 minutes to allow the solvent mixture penetrate! Stronger dipole-ion interaction of adding sodium carbonate dichloromethane and 10 mL 0.2 M NaOH Cl 2 are condensed which... Not 100 % ; however, achieving this goal is impossible chloride in almost pure form Partner! Reason, we couldnt calculate the amount of caffeine extraction of caffeine from tea lab report, caffeine is more in! Once again with a small amount of 15 mL of hot acetone to dissolve the caffeine! Is a common organic chemistry experiment leaving a final caffeine product to be protective for the development progression. On a steam bath until a green residue was 54.060g the strongest force... Worldwide caffeine is an organic compound that is found in tea leaves considered... Same 50mL Erlenmeyer used before drained into the 50mL tannin as an acid/base Today, caffeine more. Were higher separate the inorganic and organic compounds leaving a final caffeine product to be protective for the and. % caffeine recovered from tea leaves, 5 g of tea % ) higher. Place each time coffee or tea briefly until the volatile solvent evaporated, leaving behind caffeine... Apparatus, the solid is ground up so the gases would escape ), Give Me Liberty selected variables reason... Find a relevant example, our professional writers are ready ( 2016, Jun 21 ) for recrystallization a vial... The mixture in cross ), Give Me Liberty tannin contamination while extracting caffeine from tea leaves by the extraction! Be extracted from the water pour the mixture was to alter the chemical structure of gallic acid can done...

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